Application of the Maslow's hierarchy of need theory for identify human behavior

Motivation is creating desire in employees’ heart to achieve organizational goals. It is psychology compried a five-tier model of human needs, often represented as hierarchical levels within a pyramid and needs lower down in the hierarchy must be satisfied before individuals can attend to needs higher up (Trigg,2004).

Figure 1: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

Source: (Saul McLeod,2018)

In 1943 Abraham Maslow was developed a hierarchy to represent different stages of motivation. This can be used to define to describe the different stages potential clients want to reach through their needs. It also shows the hierarchy between the different kinds of needs (Jerome, 2013).

·       Physiological Need-These are basic needs which consist of the need for water, food, oxygen, cloth, warmth, sex and sleep. They are the strongest needs because that would come first in the person search for satisfaction.

·       Safety Need-When physiological needs are met the needs for security can become active. Due to the social structure adults have awareness of their security.

·       Love, affection and belonging Need-The next class of need for love and belonging can be emerging. The overcome feelings of loneliness are affected receiving love and sense of belonging.

·       Self Esteem-When first three classes of need are satisfied, self-esteem need can be dominant. Be stable, high level of self-respect, respect from others is the needs under self Esteem. The person feels self-confident by satisfying these needs.

·       Need for self-Actualization-Maslow has been described it as the person was “born to do”. However, it is not always clear what a person wants when there is a need for self-actualization.

Majority of researchers have been focused on self-actualization. Abrahm Maslow has been determined that everyone cannot achieved self-actualization need (Maslow,1995). Generally, needs are called as the basic human requirements. Then author can be argued that if everyone cannot achieve it how it can be concerned as a need? But in some circumstances self-actualization can be concerned as self- fulfillment. According to Hamm, (1969) Maslow has been concluded that highest level of self-actualization transcendent in human nature and it is an important contribution to study human behavior as well as motivation. Individual’s seek at different levels of development can be described through this theory.

When all the needs mentioned above are satisfied, then activation is necessary. Maslow describes himself as an activating human being and doing what a person was "born to do." "The musician must make music, the artist must paint, and the poet must write." These needs make themselves feel restless (Jerom,2013). A person feels tense, uptight, missing something, in short, restless. If a person is hungry, dangerous, not loved or accepted, or devoid of self-esteem, it is very easy to know which person is restless. However, it is not always clear what a person wants when there is a need for self-activation.

References

Trigg, A.B., 2004. Deriving the Engel curve: Pierre Bourdieu and the social critique of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Review of Social Economy, 62(3), pp.393-406.

McLeod, S., 2018. Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. Simply Psychology.

Maslow, A.H., Stephens, D.C., Heil, G. and Bennis, W., 1998. Maslow on management. New York: John Wiley.

Hamm, B.C. and Cundiff, E.W., 1969. Self-actualization and product perception. Journal of Marketing Research, 6(4), pp.470-472.

Jerome, N., 2013. Application of the Maslow’s hierarchy of need theory; impacts and implications on organizational culture, human resource and employee’s performance. International Journal of Business and Management Invention, 2(3), pp.39-45.